{"id":10538,"date":"2022-01-03T20:28:20","date_gmt":"2022-01-03T20:28:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ahelth.com\/premature-birth\/"},"modified":"2022-01-05T13:37:02","modified_gmt":"2022-01-05T13:37:02","slug":"premature-birth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ahelth.com\/tr\/premature-birth\/","title":{"rendered":"Erken do\u011fum – her g\u00fcn t\u0131bbi bilgi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Erken do\u011fum – her g\u00fcn t\u0131bbi bilgi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Erken do\u011fum<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Erken do\u011fum belirtileri<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Bebe\u011finizde \u00e7ok az erken do\u011fum belirtisi olabilir veya hi\u00e7 belirti ya\u015famayabilir. <\/span>G\u00f6r\u00fcnebilecek belirtilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • B\u00fcy\u00fck asimetrik kafa ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyut.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Ya\u011f depolar\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle o d\u00f6nemde do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fa g\u00f6re yuvarlak hatlar\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddetli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • V\u00fccudun \u00e7o\u011fu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaplayan ince t\u00fcyler (vellus).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Depolanm\u0131\u015f ya\u011f eksikli\u011finin bir sonucu olarak, \u00f6zellikle do\u011fum odas\u0131nda do\u011fumdan hemen sonra v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesi.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Nefes almada zorluk, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hissi.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Emme veya yutamama, bu da beslenmede zorluklara yol a\u00e7ar.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u00d6zel bak\u0131m<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

    Bir bebe\u011fi erken do\u011furduysan\u0131z, muhtemelen hastanede daha uzun s\u00fcre \u00f6zel bir bak\u0131m \u00fcnitesinde kalmas\u0131 gerekecektir. <\/span>\u00c7ocu\u011fun ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu bak\u0131m miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00fcnitesine kabul edilebilir ve bu t\u00fcr vakalarda uzman ve e\u011fitimli doktorlar ve sa\u011fl\u0131k ekibi \u00e7ocu\u011fa yard\u0131m edecek ve herhangi bir soru sormaktan \u00e7ekinmeyin. akl\u0131n\u0131za tak\u0131lan sorular.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Bebe\u011finizin do\u011fumdan hemen sonra beslenme ve uyum sa\u011flama konusunda ekstra yard\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131 olabilir. <\/span>T\u0131bbi ekip, sizin ve bebe\u011finizin neye ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve hangi plan\u0131 satmay\u0131 planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 anlaman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Erken do\u011fum risk fakt\u00f6rleri<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

    Erken do\u011fumun kesin nedeni genellikle bilinmemekle birlikte erken do\u011fum i\u00e7in bilinen risk fakt\u00f6rleri vard\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Daha \u00f6nce erken do\u011fuma maruz kalma.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0130kiz, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcz veya daha fazla hamilelik.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Her hamilelik aras\u0131nda alt\u0131 aydan daha k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Suni tohumlama ile hamilelik.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Rahim, rahim a\u011fz\u0131 veya plasenta ile ilgili problemlerin olmas\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Sigara i\u00e7mek veya yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 uyu\u015fturucu kullanmak.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Baz\u0131 enfeksiyonlar, \u00f6zellikle amniyotik s\u0131v\u0131y\u0131 (fet\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7evreleyen s\u0131v\u0131) ve alt \u00fcreme sistemini etkileyenler.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Y\u00fcksek tansiyon veya diyabet gibi baz\u0131 kronik durumlar.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Hamilelik \u00f6ncesi kilo al\u0131m\u0131 veya kayb\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Sevilen birinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc veya aile i\u00e7i \u015fiddet gibi stresli ya\u015fam olaylar\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Tekrarlanan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Fiziksel yaralanma veya travmaya maruz kalma.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Erken do\u011fum her kad\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelebilir ve bu duruma sahip bir\u00e7ok kad\u0131n\u0131n bilinen herhangi bir risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc yoktur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Erken do\u011fumun komplikasyonlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

      T\u00fcm premat\u00fcre bebeklerin komplikasyonlar\u0131 olmasa da, erken do\u011fum hem uzun hem de k\u0131sa vadeli sorunlara neden olabilir.Bebek ne kadar erken do\u011farsa komplikasyon riski de o kadar y\u00fcksek olur. <\/span>\u00c7ocu\u011fun do\u011fumdaki a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. <\/span>Baz\u0131 problemler do\u011fumda ortaya \u00e7\u0131karken, di\u011ferleri daha sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmayabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      k\u0131sa vadeli komplikasyonlar<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u0130lk haftalarda erken do\u011fumun komplikasyonlar\u0131 \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Solunum Problemleri<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Erken do\u011fan bir bebek, solunum sisteminin olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle solunum problemleri ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilir. <\/span>\u00c7ocu\u011fun akci\u011ferleri y\u00fczey aktivite fakt\u00f6r\u00fcnde (akci\u011ferlerin geni\u015flemesine izin veren bir madde) eksikse, \u00e7ocukta solunum s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 sendromu olabilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc akci\u011ferler normal olarak geni\u015fleme ve b\u00fcz\u00fclmede zorluk \u00e7eker.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Bebeklerde ayr\u0131ca bronkopulmoner displazi olarak bilinen bir sendrom olabilir ve baz\u0131 premat\u00fcre bebeklerde apne olarak bilinen nefes almada uzun duraklamalar olabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      kalp sorunlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      A\u00e7\u0131k duktus arteriozus durumu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tansiyon ile birlikte premat\u00fcre bebekleri etkileyen en yayg\u0131n kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan biridir. <\/span>A\u00e7\u0131k bir duktus arteriyozus, aort ile pulmoner arter aras\u0131nda kal\u0131c\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Bu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k genellikle kendi kendine kapan\u0131r, ancak tedavi edilmezse di\u011fer komplikasyonlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kalp seslerine ve kalp yetmezli\u011fine yol a\u00e7abilir. <\/span>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tansiyon, baz\u0131 durumlarda intraven\u00f6z s\u0131v\u0131lar, ila\u00e7lar ve kan nakli gerektirebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      beyin problemleri<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Bir bebek erken do\u011farsa, intraventrik\u00fcler kanama olarak bilinen beyin kanamas\u0131 riski artar. <\/span>Bu kanama t\u00fcrlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu \u00f6nemsizdir ve ciddi etkiler olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ge\u00e7er, ancak baz\u0131 bebekler beyinde kal\u0131c\u0131 beyin hasar\u0131na neden olan kanamaya e\u011filimlidir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      S\u0131cakl\u0131k kontrol sorunlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre do\u011fan bebekler v\u00fccutlar\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bebeklerin sahip oldu\u011fu depolanm\u0131\u015f ya\u011f miktar\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zla kaybedebilir ve kaybedilen \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 yerine koyacak kadar \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretemezler.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      V\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015ferse, bebekler hipotermi olarak bilinen bir durum geli\u015ftirebilir ve bu duruma sahip premat\u00fcre bir bebek solunum problemlerine ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kan \u015fekeri seviyelerine neden olabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Bebek ayr\u0131ca \u0131s\u0131nmak i\u00e7in beslenmeden elde etti\u011fi t\u00fcm enerjiyi kullanabilir, bu nedenle premat\u00fcre bebeklerin v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 herhangi bir yard\u0131m almadan koruyabilene kadar bir \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131dan ekstra \u0131s\u0131ya ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Sindirim problemleri<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre do\u011fan bebeklerin sindirim sistemi ile ilgili sorunlar\u0131 olmas\u0131 daha olas\u0131d\u0131r, bu da beslenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra ba\u011f\u0131rsak duvar\u0131n\u0131 kaplayan h\u00fccrelerin enfeksiyonuna neden olan enterit gibi komplikasyonlara neden olur. <\/span>Sadece anne s\u00fct\u00fc alan bebeklerin IBD alma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      kan sorunlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre bebeklerde kans\u0131zl\u0131k ve sar\u0131l\u0131k (sar\u0131l\u0131k) gibi kan sorunlar\u0131 olur. <\/span>Anemi, v\u00fccudun k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccrelerinin eksikli\u011finden muzdarip oldu\u011fu yayg\u0131n bir durumdur. <\/span>Yenido\u011fanlarda ilk aylarda alyuvar say\u0131s\u0131nda bir azalma olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bu azalma, do\u011fum tarihinden \u00f6nce do\u011fan \u00e7ocuklara g\u00f6re daha fazla olabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Sar\u0131l\u0131k, bebe\u011fin cildinin ve g\u00f6zlerinin sar\u0131 rengidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bebe\u011fin kan\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda <\/span><\/span>bilirubin<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> , karaci\u011ferde veya k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccrelerinde bulunan sar\u0131 bir madde bulunur. <\/span>Sar\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir\u00e7ok nedeni olmakla birlikte erken do\u011fan bebeklerde daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Metabolik problemler<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre bebeklerin genellikle metabolizmalar\u0131 ile ilgili sorunlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.Baz\u0131 premat\u00fcre bebeklerin kan \u015fekeri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olabilir.Bunun nedeni, premat\u00fcre bebeklerin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bebeklerden daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck glikoz depolar\u0131 olmas\u0131 olabilir. <\/span>Premat\u00fcre doktorlar ayr\u0131ca depolanm\u0131\u015f glikozu stabil, aktif glikoza d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmekte zorlan\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi sorunlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre bebekler i\u00e7in tipik olan az geli\u015fmi\u015f bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi enfeksiyon riskini art\u0131rabilir. <\/span>Premat\u00fcre bebeklerde enfeksiyon h\u0131zla kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na yay\u0131larak sepsise neden olabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Uzun vadeli komplikasyonlar<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Erken do\u011fum, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler de dahil olmak \u00fczere uzun vadeli komplikasyonlara neden olabilir:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Serebral Palsi<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Serebral palsi, hareket yeteneklerini, kas g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve duru\u015fu etkileyen bir bozukluktur. Enfeksiyon, zay\u0131f kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya yeni do\u011fan bebe\u011fin beyninin, hamileli\u011fin erken d\u00f6neminde veya bebek gen\u00e7 veya olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015fken yaralanmas\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00f6\u011frenme yeteneklerinin bozulmas\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre bebeklerin \u00f6nemli geli\u015fimsel d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131nda di\u011fer bebeklerin gerisinde kalmas\u0131 muhtemeldir. <\/span>Bu \u00e7ocuklar okula ba\u015flama ya\u015f\u0131na geldiklerinde \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7ekebilirler.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f problemleri<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre bebeklerde, g\u00f6z\u00fcn arkas\u0131ndaki \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa duyarl\u0131 sinir tabakas\u0131nda (retina) kan damarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fi\u015fmesi ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir hastal\u0131k olan premat\u00fcre retinopatisi olabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Bazen retinan\u0131n hasarl\u0131 kan damarlar\u0131 retinan\u0131n kendisinde skar olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olur ve retina normal konumundan hareket etmez. <\/span>Retina, g\u00f6z\u00fcn arka k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki konumundan \u00e7ekildi\u011finde, bu duruma retina dekolman\u0131 denir ve tespit edilmedi\u011fi takdirde g\u00f6rmede hasara ve hatta k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011fe kadar gidebilen bir durumdur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0130\u015fitme sorunlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Erken do\u011fan bebeklerde bir miktar i\u015fitme kayb\u0131 geli\u015fme riski vard\u0131r. <\/span>\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n i\u015fitme yetenekleri, eve gitmeden \u00f6nce hastanede kontrol edilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Di\u015f problemleri<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre do\u011fumdan kaynaklanan ve durumu kritik olan bebeklerde di\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinde gecikme, di\u015f renginde bozulma ve di\u015flerin yanl\u0131\u015f dizilimi gibi di\u015f problemleri riski y\u00fcksektir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Davran\u0131\u015fsal ve psikolojik sorunlar<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre do\u011fan bebeklerde davran\u0131\u015fsal ve psikolojik sorunlar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmekte, geli\u015fimsel gecikmeler ya\u015fanabilmektedir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      kronik sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Premat\u00fcre bebekler, baz\u0131lar\u0131 hastaneye yatmay\u0131 gerektiren kronik sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fayabilirler, s\u00fcrekli enfeksiyon, ast\u0131m ve beslenme sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fayabilirler. <\/span>Ayr\u0131ca Ani Bebek \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc Sendromu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Erken do\u011fumun \u00f6nlenmesi<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

      Erken do\u011fumun ana nedeni bilinmemekle birlikte, erken do\u011fum riski ta\u015f\u0131yan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bu riski azaltmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131labilecek baz\u0131 \u015feyler vard\u0131r, bunlara a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler dahildir:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      progesteron takviyesi<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Erken do\u011fum \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir serviks \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olan veya bu fakt\u00f6rlerin t\u00fcm\u00fcne sahip olan kad\u0131nlar, progesteron takviyesi ile erken do\u011fum risklerini azaltabilirler.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      servikal serklaj<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Bu cerrahi i\u015flem, serviksi k\u0131sa olan veya daha \u00f6nce serviksi k\u0131saltm\u0131\u015f ve erken do\u011fum ile sonu\u00e7lanan kad\u0131nlarda hamilelik s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Bu i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda doktor rahim a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc diki\u015flerle sararak rahme destek sa\u011flar ve do\u011fuma yak\u0131n diki\u015fler al\u0131n\u0131r. <\/span>Hamileli\u011finizin geri kalan\u0131nda herhangi bir yorucu aktiviteden ka\u00e7\u0131nman\u0131z gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini doktorunuza sorun.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Erken do\u011fum te\u015fhisi<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

      Bebek k\u00fcv\u00f6ze transfer edildikten sonra birka\u00e7 teste tabi tutulabilir ve t\u0131bbi ekip baz\u0131 komplikasyonlardan \u015f\u00fcphelenirse ba\u015fka testler de yap\u0131l\u0131r. <\/span>\u00c7ocuk i\u00e7in olas\u0131 muayeneler \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Solunum ve kalp at\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 izleyin<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u00c7ocu\u011fun solunumu ve kalp at\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak izlenir ve kan bas\u0131nc\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      s\u0131v\u0131 kontrol\u00fc<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Sa\u011fl\u0131k ekibi, \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun beslenme s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve intraven\u00f6z s\u0131v\u0131larla ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 miktar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuk bezinden kaybetti\u011fi s\u0131v\u0131 miktar\u0131n\u0131 dikkatle takip eder.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      kan testleri<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Bebe\u011fin kan\u0131ndaki sodyum, glikoz ve bilirubin seviyeleri gibi bir dizi \u00f6nemli elementi izlemek i\u00e7in kan \u00f6rnekleri topuk \u00e7ubu\u011fu olarak bilinen bir \u00e7ubukla veya damara sokulan bir i\u011fne ile al\u0131n\u0131r. <\/span>K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccrelerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek, anemi olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek veya herhangi bir enfeksiyon aramak i\u00e7in bu numuneyi de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in bir kan \u00f6rne\u011fi analiz edilebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Doktor, durumun birka\u00e7 kan \u00f6rne\u011fi al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirdi\u011fini tahmin ederse, t\u0131bbi ekip, doktorun her kan \u00f6rne\u011fine ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funda \u00e7ocu\u011fa i\u011fne batmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in damardan bir hat yerle\u015ftirebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      ekokardiyografi<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Ekokardiyogram, kalp fonksiyonuyla ilgili sorunlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan bir kalp ultrasonudur ve fetal ultrasona biraz benzer. <\/span>Bir ekokardiyogram, bir monit\u00f6rde g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenen kalbin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in ses dalgalar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      ultrason muayenesi<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Herhangi bir beyin kanamas\u0131 veya s\u0131v\u0131 birikimi aramak veya sindirim sistemi, karaci\u011fer veya b\u00f6breklerde herhangi bir sorun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in kar\u0131n organlar\u0131n\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in bir ultrason yap\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      g\u00f6z kontrol\u00fc<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

      G\u00f6z doktoru, retina (premat\u00fcre retinopatisi) ile ilgili herhangi bir sorun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in bebe\u011fin g\u00f6zlerini ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol eder. <\/span>\u00c7ocu\u011funuzun herhangi bir komplikasyonu varsa, ba\u015fka baz\u0131 \u00f6zel testler gerekebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      erken do\u011fum tedavisi<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

      Bebek \u00d6zel Bak\u0131m \u00dcnitesi, premat\u00fcre bir bebek i\u00e7in 24 saat bak\u0131m sa\u011flar. <\/span>\u00c7ocu\u011funuz i\u00e7in destekleyici bak\u0131m \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Normal v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in \u00e7ocu\u011fu kuv\u00f6ze koyun.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Bebe\u011fin kan bas\u0131nc\u0131, kalp h\u0131z\u0131, solunum ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k gibi hayati belirtilerini izleyin.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Gerekli s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 ve besinleri almak i\u00e7in bir besleme t\u00fcp\u00fc kullan\u0131n.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • \u00c7ocu\u011funuzun sodyum ve potasyum seviyeleri gibi her g\u00fcn ne kadar s\u0131v\u0131ya ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funu izleyin ve herhangi bir ekstra s\u0131v\u0131 gerekiyorsa, bunlar\u0131 damardan al\u0131n.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • \u00c7ocu\u011fu <\/span>sar\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedavi etmek i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre bilirubin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/span> alt\u0131nda <\/span><\/span>tutun ve \u00e7ocuk kendini rahat hissetmesi i\u00e7in koruyucu bir g\u00f6z maskesi takacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • \u00d6zellikle \u00e7ocuk \u00e7e\u015fitli testler i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 kez kan \u00f6rne\u011fi ald\u0131ysa, kan seviyesini y\u00fckseltmek i\u00e7in kan nakli yapt\u0131rmak.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        eczac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ait<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

        \u00c7ocu\u011funuza, b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak ve akci\u011ferlerin, kalbin ve kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n normal i\u015flevlerini te\u015fvik edecek ila\u00e7lar verilebilir. <\/span>\u00c7ocu\u011funuzun durumuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, ila\u00e7lar \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Pulmoner s\u00fcrfaktan, solunum s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 sendromunu tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir ila\u00e7.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Solunum ve kalp at\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ince sis veya IV ila\u00e7.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Bir enfeksiyon varsa veya potansiyel bir enfeksiyon riski varsa antibiyotikler.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Fazla s\u0131v\u0131y\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in v\u00fccuttan \u00e7\u0131kan idrar miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran ila\u00e7lar (di\u00fcretikler).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Premat\u00fcre bebeklerde retinopatiye neden olan yeni kan damarlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini durdurmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6ze bir ila\u00e7 enjekte etmek.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Duktus arteriozus ad\u0131 verilen kalbin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan ila\u00e7lar.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          ameliyat<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

          Erken do\u011fumla ili\u015fkili bir dizi durumu tedavi etmek i\u00e7in bazen cerrahi gerekebilir, bu nedenle cerrahi m\u00fcdahale gerektirebilecek komplikasyonlar\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in doktorunuzla ve t\u0131bbi ekibinizle konu\u015fun ve bu komplikasyonlar\u0131 tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek cerrahi hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinin.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

          \u00c7ocu\u011fu eve getirmek<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

          A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda \u00e7ocuk eve gitmeye haz\u0131rd\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
          • Herhangi bir yard\u0131m almadan nefes alabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
          • Sabit bir v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 koruyabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
          • Anneden veya biberonla emzirebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
          • S\u00fcrekli kilo almak.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
          • Herhangi bir enfeksiyonu yoksa.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Baz\u0131 durumlarda, doktor ve sa\u011fl\u0131k ekibi \u00e7ocu\u011fa evde bakmak ve durumunu izlemek i\u00e7in \u00fczerinde anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir plan geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi s\u00fcrece, \u00e7ocuk yukar\u0131daki gereksinimlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamadan \u00f6nce eve gidebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            Doktor ve ekibi, bebe\u011finize evde nas\u0131l bakaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. <\/span>Hastaneden ayr\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce hastane personeli size a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri soracakt\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
            • Ya\u015fam d\u00fczenlemeleri.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
            • R\u00f6garda ba\u015fka \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
            • Bebe\u011fin bak\u0131m\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek akraba veya arkada\u015flara sahip olmak.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
            • \u00c7ocuklar i\u00e7in birincil bak\u0131m.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 ve baz\u0131 ev ila\u00e7lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

              Bebe\u011fin eve gelme zaman\u0131 geldi\u011finde ayn\u0131 anda rahatlam\u0131\u015f, mutlu ve stresli hissedebilirsiniz, bu nedenle bebe\u011finizin evde bulunmas\u0131na haz\u0131rlanman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek i\u00e7in biraz zaman ay\u0131rmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri yapabilirsiniz:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \u00c7ocu\u011funuza nas\u0131l bakaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilmek<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

              Hastaneden ayr\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce bebe\u011fin kalbinin nas\u0131l canland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na dair mevcut bilgileri okuyabilir, merak etti\u011finiz t\u00fcm sorular\u0131 doktora ve sa\u011fl\u0131k ekibine sorabilirsiniz. <\/span>\u00d6zellikle ila\u00e7 kullanman\u0131z, \u00f6zel monit\u00f6rler kullanman\u0131z, bebe\u011fe oksijen vermeniz veya ba\u015fka tedaviler uygulaman\u0131z gerekiyorsa, bebe\u011fe bakabildi\u011finizden emin olun. <\/span>Bebe\u011fin nefes alma veya beslenme sorunlar\u0131 gibi doktora ba\u015fvurmay\u0131 gerektirebilecek semptomlar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              Emzirme y\u00f6ntemlerini tart\u0131\u015f\u0131n<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

              Doktora, anne s\u00fct\u00fc veya anne s\u00fct\u00fc i\u00e7in alternatif form\u00fcller yoluyla \u00e7ocu\u011fun ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu takviyeleri sorun. <\/span>Ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bebeklere k\u0131yasla premat\u00fcre bebeklerin genellikle daha az yiyece\u011fe ve daha fazla beslenmeye ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n. <\/span>Doktorunuzdan \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun ne s\u0131kl\u0131kta ve ne kadar yiyece\u011fe ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmesini istemelisiniz.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \u00c7ocu\u011funuzun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyun<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

              Premat\u00fcre bebekler di\u011fer bebeklere g\u00f6re ciddi enfeksiyonlara kar\u015f\u0131 daha hassast\u0131r ve bebe\u011finizin kalabal\u0131k yerlere maruz kalmas\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve bebe\u011finizi evcille\u015ftirmek isteyen herkes i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle iyi el hijyeni sa\u011flay\u0131n.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              Ve hasta olan insanlardan, bebe\u011finizi ziyaretlerini iyile\u015fene kadar ertelemelerini isteyin, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc erken do\u011fan bebekler akci\u011ferlerde ve solunum yollar\u0131nda y\u00fcksek enfeksiyon riski alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. <\/span>\u00c7ocuk doktorunuz, \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun ciddi enfeksiyonlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek palivizumab ad\u0131 verilen \u00f6nleyici bir tedavi \u00f6nerebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              D\u00fczenli bir takip ziyareti program\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

              \u00c7ocu\u011funuzun gelecekteki takip randevular\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 doktorla tart\u0131\u015f\u0131n.\u00c7ocu\u011fun b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini ve t\u0131bbi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta her hafta veya iki haftada bir doktora g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi gerekebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              a\u015f\u0131 takibi<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

              Premat\u00fcre bebeklerin t\u0131bbi durumunu stabilize etmek i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n veya a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fun ya\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmekle birlikte, a\u015f\u0131 takviminde gecikme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. <\/span>Ve a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi takip etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ocuk doktorunuzla ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              Grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere herkesin a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olarak \u00e7ocu\u011funuzu koruyabilirsiniz. <\/span>Hamile kad\u0131nlar, aile \u00fcyeleri ve t\u00fcm yeti\u015fkinler de bo\u011fmaca a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmelidir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              Herhangi bir geli\u015fimsel gecikme i\u00e7in izleyin<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

              Doktor, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki aylarda \u00e7ocu\u011fun geli\u015fiminde veya sakatl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda herhangi bir gecikme olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izleyebilir. <\/span>Risk alt\u0131nda olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00e7ocuklar daha do\u011fru de\u011ferlendirme ve bak\u0131m al\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              Duruma uyum ve destek<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

              Erken do\u011fmu\u015f bir bebe\u011fe bakmak, bebe\u011finizin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve do\u011fum sonras\u0131 hamileli\u011fin uzun vadeli etkileri konusunda endi\u015fe duyabilece\u011finiz i\u00e7in fiziksel ve psikolojik strese neden olabilir. <\/span>Kendinizi k\u0131zg\u0131n, su\u00e7lu veya yorgun hissedebilirsiniz, bu nedenle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6neriler bu zor zamanlardan ge\u00e7menize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

                \n
              • Kitaplar veya g\u00fcvenilir kaynaklar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun durumu hakk\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenebilece\u011finiz her \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenin.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
              • Kendinize iyi bak\u0131n, yeterince dinlenmeli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yiyecekler yemelisiniz.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
              • Bebek normal \u015fekilde emzirebilecek duruma gelene kadar g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs pompas\u0131 kullan\u0131n.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
              • Ba\u015fkalar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m kabul edin Di\u011fer bebeklerinize bakabilirler, yiyecek haz\u0131rlamaya ve ev ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilirler, b\u00f6ylece enerjinizi premat\u00fcre bebe\u011finiz i\u00e7in tasarruf edebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
              • Kendi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve duygular\u0131n\u0131zla birlikte bebe\u011finizin geli\u015fiminin t\u00fcm ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaydedin. <\/span>Ve g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri not etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 koyabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
              • E\u015finiz, arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z ve ailenizle duygular\u0131n\u0131z hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fun.T\u0131bbi ekiple konu\u015fabilirsiniz veya b\u00f6lgenizdeki destek gruplar\u0131 bulabilirsiniz.Bir\u00e7ok ebeveyn, ayn\u0131 durumdaki di\u011fer ebeveynlerle konu\u015fman\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Bir \u00e7ocu\u011fa bakmak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zorluktur, bu y\u00fczden ad\u0131m ad\u0131m ilerleyin ve endi\u015felere ve aksiliklere ra\u011fmen, \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun hayatta kalma ve direnme konusundaki ani g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kutlamal\u0131 ve onunla ge\u00e7irdi\u011finiz zamana de\u011fer vermelisiniz.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

                Doktor randevusuna haz\u0131rlanmak<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

                \u00c7ocu\u011funuzun durumuyla ilgili belirsizlik ve yo\u011fun bak\u0131mda monit\u00f6rleri g\u00f6rmek korkutucu olabilir. <\/span>Cevab\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek istedi\u011finiz t\u00fcm sorular\u0131 doktora ve sa\u011fl\u0131k ekibine sorabilirsiniz.Doktora sorabilece\u011finiz sorular aras\u0131nda:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u00c7ocu\u011fumun durumu nedir? <\/span>Bir \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fti mi?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • Bu cihaz \u00e7ocu\u011fuma nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • \u00c7ocu\u011fuma neden bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131 veriyorsun?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • \u00c7ocu\u011fumun ne t\u00fcr testlere ihtiyac\u0131 var?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • Bebe\u011fimi ne zaman ta\u015f\u0131yabilirim? <\/span>Bana onu nas\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilir misin?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • Bebe\u011fim ne kadar s\u00fcre t\u00fcple yiyecek almaya devam edecek?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • Bebe\u011fimi ne zaman veya biberonla emzirebilirim?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • \u00c7ocu\u011fum ne zaman g\u00f6zlerini odaklayabilecek?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • \u00c7ocu\u011fumun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili herhangi bir sorum olursa nas\u0131l ileti\u015fim kurabilirim?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • Battaniye veya aile foto\u011fraflar\u0131 getirip bak\u0131m odas\u0131na koyabilir miyim?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • \u00c7ocu\u011fuma kuv\u00f6zdeyken bakmak i\u00e7in ne yapabilirim?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • \u00c7ocu\u011fum ne zaman eve gidebilecek?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • Eve geldi\u011finde \u00e7ocu\u011fuma bakabilmem i\u00e7in ne bilmem gerekiyor?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                • Hastaneden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra ne s\u0131kl\u0131kla kontrole gelmeliyiz?<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u00c7ocu\u011funuz k\u00fcv\u00f6zdeyken soru sormaktan \u00e7ekinmeyin ve \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun tedavisine de kat\u0131lman\u0131z\u0131 istemekten \u00e7ekinmeyin, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu kat\u0131l\u0131m size yeni bir anne olarak kendinize g\u00fcven verebilir ve bu \u00e7ocuk eve d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde de yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

                  .<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Erken do\u011fum – her g\u00fcn t\u0131bbi bilgi Erken do\u011fum Erken do\u011fum belirtileri Bebe\u011finizde \u00e7ok az erken do\u011fum belirtisi olabilir veya hi\u00e7 belirti ya\u015famayabilir. G\u00f6r\u00fcnebilecek belirtilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: B\u00fcy\u00fck asimetrik kafa ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyut. Ya\u011f depolar\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle o d\u00f6nemde do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fa g\u00f6re yuvarlak hatlar\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddetli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm. V\u00fccudun \u00e7o\u011fu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaplayan ince t\u00fcyler (vellus). Depolanm\u0131\u015f …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10469,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-tr"],"yoast_head":"\nErken do\u011fum - her g\u00fcn t\u0131bbi bilgi - the health<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ahelth.com\/tr\/premature-birth\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Erken do\u011fum - her g\u00fcn t\u0131bbi bilgi - the health\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Erken do\u011fum – her g\u00fcn t\u0131bbi bilgi Erken do\u011fum Erken do\u011fum belirtileri Bebe\u011finizde \u00e7ok az erken do\u011fum belirtisi olabilir veya hi\u00e7 belirti ya\u015famayabilir. G\u00f6r\u00fcnebilecek belirtilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: B\u00fcy\u00fck asimetrik kafa ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyut. Ya\u011f depolar\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle o d\u00f6nemde do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fa g\u00f6re yuvarlak hatlar\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddetli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm. V\u00fccudun \u00e7o\u011fu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaplayan ince t\u00fcyler (vellus). 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